Journalist Gemma Liñán explains how Spain's judicial strategy against the process is crumbling because of the lack of evidence.
Spain's judicial strategy against the process is crumbling: the lack of evidence
Gemma Liñánhttps://www.elnacional.cat/ca/politica/represaliats-absolts_631823_102.html
Barcelona. Sunday, July 25, 2021. 5:25 p.m.
It is estimated that more than 2,800 people have been or continue to be charged with an offences associated with participation in events related to 9-N, the 2017 referendum or citizen mobilizations and protests in response to the repression that the process of claiming the right to self-determination of Catalonia has triggered. The figure appears in the proposal for the amnesty law that was presented to Congress and amounts to 3,300 retaliated people, according to Omnium Cultural's count and the figure quoted by public officials of the Government of the Generalitat.
The data is also a reference to explain who would be affected by the amnesty law for the process and includes more than 1,000 people injured in the various chapters that the independence process has gone through since 1-O. All of them are considered victims of reprisals.
Acquittals and filed cases
The list is growinh, but so does the list of acquitted and filed cases, which exposes investigations conducted in search of scapegoatd, exemplary sentences and baseless proceedings. Everything, it seems, to discourage the pro-independence mobilization and the political strategy of breaking with the Spanish state. The judicial strategy of fear.The large number of cases that do not go to trial or that the sentencing court ends up acquitting has a common denominator: the lack of evidence.
The 1-O defendants
The first case of acquittal with impact for its representativeness and for how it left in doubt the Supreme Court judgment against part of the Government of the Generalitat was the one of the chief superintendent of the Mossos d'Esquadra, Josep Lluís Trapero. But that same week, the National High Court also acquitted the escorts of Carles Puigdemont prosecuted for the offence of concealment for accompanying the former president of the Generalitat through several northern European countries until his arrest in Germany in March 2018.The trial of the 1-0 electoral trustees, acquitted last April
Related to 1-O, the five members of the electoral board, after months of investigation by the Barcelona 15 judge, ended up being acquitted. They were charged with contempt of court and usurpation of public office. The judgment states that it is not proven that they gave any instructions or orders or that they met again after the provisions issued by the TC.In 2020, the Superior Court of Justice of Catalonia acquitted former CUP MP Mireia Boya. Boya was one of the defendants in the 1-O case. Her case went to the Supreme Court and returned to Catalonia. And after 3 years and a trial, the sentence declared her not guilty. The resolution says that she was not nominally warned by the TC and did not hold a position of intervention in the deeds compatible with the criminal type of contempt of court.
In addition, of the 30 high-ranking officials prosecuted by the 13th investigation court in Barcelona, 15 of the cases have ended up being filed. The judge decided not to prosecute them, for lack of evidence.
The activists
Tamara Carrasco, a resident of Viladecans accused of belonging to the CDR by the National High Court, was confined to her municipality for more than a year. Then the court acquitted her. It is one of the most egregious cases of activist accusations. Carrasco was detained for belonging to the CDRs and was charged with terrorism.On October 18, 2019, during the protest against the Supreme court sentence, the police arrested four young people who were later accused by the Public Prosecutor's Office of public disorders. In June 2021 they were acquitted after the trial. Among them was Guillem, the lad in the orange sweatshirt.
Just a few days ago, during Pol Serena's trial, on accusations of of public disorder for attacking two police officers on February 21, 2019 during a pro-independence strike in Barcelona, the other young defendant was acquitted during the last session. No one could prove that he was at the scene or that he had caused any commotion.
Marc Casadesús is another activist, accused of throwing stones at the police cordon on October 27, 2019 in one of the C-17 highway cuts. The prosecution called for a year in prison for an offence of assault on authority, but the judge found that there was not strong enough evidence to attribute and impute the offence against the young man, and he was acquitted.
In November 2020, the Barcelona High Court definitively closed the case against nine people accused of public disorder and coercion for having occupied the TGV tracks in Sants Station. The latest filing has been for many of the defendants in the Democratic Tsunami motorway cut in La Jonquera. According to the lawyers of Alerta Solidària, more than 300 people are being investigated by the concentrations of La Jonquera, El Pertús and Tortosa.
And 18 teachers were investigated, the causes of which were all filed. They were nine teachers from Sant Andreu de la Barca reported in April 2018 by the Public Prosecutor's Office, eight from La Seu d'Urgell investigated since November 2017 and one teacher from Tremp.
The Public Prosecutor's Office undertook the investigation based on the list of the Association of Municipalities for Independence (AMI) with the 712 mayors who signed “a decree to visualize their collaboration with the Government's call for 1 October”. According to AMI data, only 78 mayors were being investigated and in 62 cases the case has been filed.
The only former mayor convicted of disobedience linked to October 1 is the mayor of Agramunt, and ex-minister, Bernat Solé. In December 2020, the mayor of Roses, Montserrat Mindan, was acquitted and in October 2019 the TSJC filed a complaint against the former mayor of Premià de Mar and former Minister of the Interior, Miquel Buch, for the same deeds.
Marc Casadesús is another activist, accused of throwing stones at the police cordon on October 27, 2019 in one of the C-17 highway cuts. The prosecution called for a year in prison for an offence of assault on authority, but the judge found that there was not strong enough evidence to attribute and impute the offence against the young man, and he was acquitted.
In November 2020, the Barcelona High Court definitively closed the case against nine people accused of public disorder and coercion for having occupied the TGV tracks in Sants Station. The latest filing has been for many of the defendants in the Democratic Tsunami motorway cut in La Jonquera. According to the lawyers of Alerta Solidària, more than 300 people are being investigated by the concentrations of La Jonquera, El Pertús and Tortosa.
And 18 teachers were investigated, the causes of which were all filed. They were nine teachers from Sant Andreu de la Barca reported in April 2018 by the Public Prosecutor's Office, eight from La Seu d'Urgell investigated since November 2017 and one teacher from Tremp.
From 712 mayors to 78
In September 2017, just before 1-O [the referendum], the investigation by the Attorney General's Office began, ending with 712 mayors being investigated. José Manuel Maza called for an investigation into the "alleged acts of cooperation in the organization of the illegal referendum."The Public Prosecutor's Office undertook the investigation based on the list of the Association of Municipalities for Independence (AMI) with the 712 mayors who signed “a decree to visualize their collaboration with the Government's call for 1 October”. According to AMI data, only 78 mayors were being investigated and in 62 cases the case has been filed.
The only former mayor convicted of disobedience linked to October 1 is the mayor of Agramunt, and ex-minister, Bernat Solé. In December 2020, the mayor of Roses, Montserrat Mindan, was acquitted and in October 2019 the TSJC filed a complaint against the former mayor of Premià de Mar and former Minister of the Interior, Miquel Buch, for the same deeds.
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https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/politica/represaliats-absolts_631823_102.html
Barcelona. Diumenge, 25 de Juliol 2021. 05:25
Actualitzat: Diumenge, 25 de Juliol 2021. 19:53
Es calcula que hi ha més de 2.800 persones que han estat o continuen estant encausades per algun delicte relacionat amb la participació en actes relacionats amb el 9-N, el referèndum del 2017 o les mobilitzacions i protestes ciutadanes de resposta a la repressió que ha desencadenat el procés de reivindicació del dret a l'autodeterminació de Catalunya. La dada surt en la proposta per a la llei d'amnistia que es va presentar al Congrés i arriba fins als 3.300 represaliats, segons el recompte d'Òmnium Cultural i la xifra citada pels càrrecs públics del Govern de la Generalitat.
La dada també és una referència per explicar a qui afectaria la llei d'amnistia per al procés i inclou més de 1.000 persones ferides en els diferents capítols pels quals ha passat el procés independentista des de l'1-O. A tots ells se'ls consideren represaliats.
Absolts i casos arxivats
La llista creix, però també creix la llista d'absolts i casos arxivats, la qual cosa deixa al descobert investigacions conduïdes a buscar caps de turc, sentències exemplificadores i diligències sense fonament. Tot, sembla, per desincentivar la mobilització independentista i l'estratègia política de trencament amb l'estat espanyol. L'estratègia judicial de la por.
La gran quantitat de casos que no arriben a judici o que el tribunal sentenciador acaba absolent tenen un denominador comú: la manca de proves.
Els acusats per l'1-O
El primer cas d'absolució amb impacte per la seva representativitat i per com deixava en dubte la sentència del Tribunal Suprem contra part del Govern de la Generalitat va ser el del major dels Mossos d'Esquadra, Josep Lluís Trapero. Però aquesta mateixa setmana, l'Audiència Nacional també ha absolt els escortes de Carles Puigdemont processats pel delicte d'encobriment per acompanyar l'expresident de la Generalitat per diversos països del nord d'Europa fins a la seva detenció a Alemanya el març del 2018.
Judici als síndics electorals de l'1-0, absolts l'abril passat
Relacionats amb l'1-O, els cinc membres de la sindicatura electoral, després d'una instrucció de mesos del jutge d'instrucció 15 de Barcelona, els van acabar absolent. Estaven acusats de desobediència i usurpació de funcions públiques. La sentència constata que no s'acredita que donessin cap instrucció o ordre ni que es tornessin a reunir després de les providències dictades pel TC.
El Tribunal Superior de Justícia de Catalunya va absoldre el 2020 l'exdiputada de la CUP Mireia Boya. Boya era una de les processades del cas de l'1-O. El seu cas va anar al Tribunal Suprem i va tornar a Catalunya. I després de 3 anys i un judici, la sentència la va proclamar innocent. La resolució diu que no va ser advertida nominalment pel TC i no ostentava una posició d'intervenció en els fets compatible amb el tipus penal de la desobediència.
A més, dels 30 alts càrrecs processats pel jutjat d'instrucció 13 de Barcelona, 15 dels casos s'han acabat arxivant. La jutgessa va decidir no processar-los per manca de proves.
Els activistes
Tamara Carrasco, la veïna de Viladecans acusada de pertànyer als CDR per l'Audiència Nacional, va estar amb arrest al seu municipi durant més d'un any. Després el tribunal la va absoldre. És un dels casos més flagrants de les acusacions d'activistes. Carrasco va estar detinguda per pertànyer als CDR i estava acusada de terrorisme.
El 18 d'octubre del 2019, durant la protesta per la sentència del procés, la policia deté quatre joves que després la Fiscalia acusa de desordres públics. El juny del 2021 van quedar absolts després del judici. Entre ells hi havia en Guillem, el noi de la dessuadora taronja.
Fa només uns dies, durant el judici d'en Pol Serena, acusat de desordres públics per atacar dos mossos d'esquadra el 21 de febrer del 2019 en una vaga independentista a Barcelona, l'altre jove acusat va quedar absolt durant la darrera sessió. Ningú va poder provar que estigués al lloc dels fets ni que hagués provocat cap aldarull.
Marc Casadesús, un altre activista acusat per llançar pedres contra el cordó policial el 27 d'octubre del 2019 en un dels talls a la C-17. La Fiscalia li demanava un any de presó per un delicte d'atemptat contra l'autoritat, però la jutge va considerar que no hi havia proves prou contundents per atribuir i imputar el delicte contra el jove i el va absoldre.
El novembre del 2020, l'Audiència de Barcelona va arxivar definitivament la causa contra nou persones acusades de desordres públics i coaccions per haver ocupat les vies del TGV de l'Estació de Sants. El darrer arxivament ha estat per a bona part dels acusats del tall a la Jonquera de Tsunami Democràtic. Segons els advocats d'Alerta Solidària, hi ha més de 300 persones investigades per les concentracions de la Jonquera, el Pertús i Tortosa.
I es compten 18 docents investigats, les causes dels quals van ser totes arxivades. Es tracta de nou mestres de Sant Andreu de la Barca denunciats l'abril del 2018 per la Fiscalia, vuit de la Seu d'Urgell investigats des del novembre del 2017 i un mestre de Tremp.
De 712 alcaldes a 78
El setembre del 2017, just abans de l'1-O es comença la investigació de la Fiscalia General de l'Estat que acaba amb 712 alcaldes investigats. José Manuel Maza va demanar que s'investiguessin pels “presumptes actes de cooperació en l'organització del referèndum il·legal”.
La Fiscalia emprèn la investigació a partir del llistat de l'Associació de Municipis per la Independència (AMI) amb els 712 alcaldes que van signar “un decret per visualitzar la seva col·laboració amb la convocatòria del Govern per a l'1 d'octubre”. Segons dades de l'AMI, només s'estaven investigant 78 alcaldes i en 62 casos s'ha arxivat el cas.
L'únic exalcalde condemnat per desobediència vinculada a l'1 d'octubre és l'alcalde d'Agramunt, i exconseller, Bernat Solé. El desembre del 2020 l'alcaldessa de Roses, Montserrat Mindan, va ser absolta i l’octubre del 2019 el TSJC va arxivar una querella contra l'exalcalde de Premià de Mar i exconseller d'Interior, Miquel Buch, pels mateixos fets.
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